$450,000 at $30,000 a year, year by year
Starting at 65, the money runs out at age 84. The withdrawal grows 2% a year, so by year 20 it is $43,704; the balance earns 5% on what is left after each withdrawal.
| Year | Age | Balance at start | Withdrawal | Balance at end |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 65 | $450,000 | $30,000 | $441,000 |
| 2 | 66 | $441,000 | $30,600 | $430,920 |
| 3 | 67 | $430,920 | $31,212 | $419,693 |
| 4 | 68 | $419,693 | $31,836 | $407,250 |
| 5 | 69 | $407,250 | $32,473 | $393,516 |
| 6 | 70 | $393,516 | $33,122 | $378,413 |
| 7 | 71 | $378,413 | $33,785 | $361,860 |
| 8 | 72 | $361,860 | $34,461 | $343,769 |
| 9 | 73 | $343,769 | $35,150 | $324,050 |
| 10 | 74 | $324,050 | $35,853 | $302,607 |
| 11 | 75 | $302,607 | $36,570 | $279,339 |
| 12 | 76 | $279,339 | $37,301 | $254,140 |
| 13 | 77 | $254,140 | $38,047 | $226,897 |
| 14 | 78 | $226,897 | $38,808 | $197,494 |
| 15 | 79 | $197,494 | $39,584 | $165,805 |
| 16 | 80 | $165,805 | $40,376 | $131,700 |
| 17 | 81 | $131,700 | $41,184 | $95,042 |
| 18 | 82 | $95,042 | $42,007 | $55,687 |
| 19 | 83 | $55,687 | $42,847 | $13,482 |
| 20 | 84 | $13,482 | $13,482 | $0 |
The odds $450,000 lasts at $30,000 a year
Returns arrive in a random order, and a few bad years early do the most damage. In 1,000 simulated markets, this is the share in which $30,000 a year, rising with inflation, still leaves money in the account after each number of years.
| For | Trinity-style (7%, 12%) | Cautious (5%, 15%) |
|---|---|---|
| 20 years | 49% | 33% |
| 25 years | 26% | 18% |
| 30 years | 16% | 11% |
| 35 years | 12% | 8% |
| 40 years | 8% | 5% |
What other returns and inflation do
| Return | No raise | 2% raise | 3% raise |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3% | 20 years | 17 years | 15 years |
| 4% | 22 years | 18 years | 17 years |
| 5% | 26 years | 20 years | 18 years |
| 6% | 33 years | 22 years | 20 years |
| 7% | 59 years | 26 years | 22 years |
$30,000 a year from other balances
| Balance | Lasts |
|---|---|
| $300,000 | 12 years |
| $350,000 | 14 years |
| $400,000 | 17 years |
| $450,000 | 20 years |
| $500,000 | 23 years |
| $600,000 | 30 years |
| $700,000 | 38 years |
| $750,000 | 44 years |
| $800,000 | 50 years |
| $900,000 | 60+ years |
| $1 million | 60+ years |
Tax on a $30,000 withdrawal
From a traditional 401(k) or IRA, the whole withdrawal is ordinary income, and it can make more of your Social Security taxable. Federal tax it adds at 65 on 2026 rules, estimates:
| Household | Federal tax | Share of the withdrawal |
|---|---|---|
| Single, $24,000 of Social Security | $1,810 | 6% |
| Married, $42,000 of Social Security | $0 | 0% |
Roth withdrawals after 59½ and a five-year holding period are tax-free; money in a taxable account is taxed only on the gains. The retirement tax calculator adds state tax.
The calculator, set to these numbers
Taking $30,000 a year ($2,500 a month) from $450,000, raised 2.0% a year for inflation, at a steady 5.0% return, the money runs out in year 20, around age 84. To make it last exactly 30 years, you could start at $22,133 a year.
Other withdrawals from $450,000
| Withdrawal a year | A month | Lasts |
|---|---|---|
| $15,000 | $1,250 | 60+ years |
| $20,000 | $1,667 | 36 years |
| $25,000 | $2,083 | 25 years |
| $30,000 | $2,500 | 20 years |
| $40,000 | $3,333 | 14 years |
All withdrawals and the odds on one page: how long $450,000 lasts.
How it is worked out
The steady-return figures are the how-long calculator’s own math: the withdrawal comes out at the start of each year, the rest earns the return, and the next withdrawal is 2% larger to keep up with inflation. Real markets do not return the same every year, so the odds come from 1,000 simulated sequences of yearly returns: Trinity-style (7% average, 12% volatility, 3% inflation) and cautious (5%, 15%, 2%). Taxes and fees are not taken out; take them from the withdrawal you enter. More on the method on the methodology page.